![]() Then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, Then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, Want to cite, share, or modify this book? This book uses the Thus, to obtain destructive interference for a single slit, As seen in the figure, the difference in path length for rays from either side of the slit is a sin θ θ, and we see that a destructive minimum is obtained when this distance is an integral multiple of the wavelength. Finally, in part (d), the angle shown is large enough to produce a second minimum. Because not all rays interfere constructively for this situation, the maximum in intensity is not exactly at this angle, and is not as intense as the central maximum. ![]() Most rays from the slit have another ray to interfere with constructively, increasing the intensity. Two rays, each from slightly above those two, also add constructively. One ray travels a distance λ λ different from the ray from the bottom and arrives in phase, interfering constructively. The difference in path length for rays from either side of the slit is seen to be a sin θ θ.Īt the larger angle shown in part (c), the path lengths differ by 3 λ / 2 3 λ / 2 for rays from the top and bottom of the slit. By symmetry, another minimum occurs at the same angle to the right of the incident direction (toward the bottom of the figure) of the light.įigure 4.4 Light passing through a single slit is diffracted in all directions and may interfere constructively or destructively, depending on the angle. ![]() In other words, a pair-wise cancellation of all rays results in a dark minimum in intensity at this angle. In fact, each ray from the slit interferes destructively with another ray. A ray from slightly above the center and one from slightly above the bottom also cancel one another. Thus, a ray from the center travels a distance λ / 2 λ / 2 less than the one at the bottom edge of the slit, arrives out of phase, and interferes destructively. In part (b), the ray from the bottom travels a distance of one wavelength λ λ farther than the ray from the top. However, when rays travel at an angle θ θ relative to the original direction of the beam, each ray travels a different distance to a common location, and they can arrive in or out of phase. When they travel straight ahead, as in part (a) of the figure, they remain in phase, and we observe a central maximum. (Each ray is perpendicular to the wave front of a wavelet.) Assuming the screen is very far away compared with the size of the slit, rays heading toward a common destination are nearly parallel. These are like rays that start out in phase and head in all directions. According to Huygens’s principle, every part of the wave front in the slit emits wavelets, as we discussed in The Nature of Light. We then consider light propagating onwards from different parts of the same slit. Here, the light arrives at the slit, illuminating it uniformly and is in phase across its width. The analysis of single-slit diffraction is illustrated in Figure 4.4. (b) The diagram shows the bright central maximum, and the dimmer and thinner maxima on either side. The central maximum is six times higher than shown. (a) Monochromatic light passing through a single slit has a central maximum and many smaller and dimmer maxima on either side. In contrast, a diffraction grating ( Diffraction Gratings) produces evenly spaced lines that dim slowly on either side of the center.įigure 4.3 Single-slit diffraction pattern. Note that the central maximum is larger than maxima on either side and that the intensity decreases rapidly on either side. Figure 4.3 shows a single-slit diffraction pattern. Light passing through a single slit forms a diffraction pattern somewhat different from those formed by double slits or diffraction gratings, which we discussed in the chapter on interference. For example, if you place your middle and index fingers close together and look through the opening at a light bulb, you can see a rather clear diffraction pattern, consisting of light and dark lines running parallel to your fingers. However, situations do occur in which apertures are small enough that the diffraction of light is observable. Since the wavelengths of visible light range from approximately 390 to 770 nm, most objects do not diffract light significantly. The diffraction of sound waves is apparent to us because wavelengths in the audible region are approximately the same size as the objects they encounter, a condition that must be satisfied if diffraction effects are to be observed easily. (credit: modification of map data from Google Earth) Figure 4.2 Because of the diffraction of waves, ocean waves entering through an opening in a breakwater can spread throughout the bay.
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The transit-oriented development project will increase transit ridership.The asset is a necessary component of a proposed transit-oriented development project. ![]() First, however, FTA must concur that the following five statutory criteria are met, per 49 USC § 5334(h)(1)(B)(i)-(iii): This provision is unique in that it allows recipients to transfer assets to local governmental entities, non-profit organizations, or third-party entities with no further obligation to the Government. This disposition option is available for transit-oriented developments (TOD). What are the criteria to use this new provision? In addition to prior provisions allowing for transfers to local governments, under the new provision, FTA also may authorize the transfer of an asset to a local governmental authority, non-profit organization, or other third-party entity if, among other factors, it will be used for transit-oriented development (TOD) and includes affordable housing.Ģ. Section 6609 of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) amended 49 USC § 5334(h)(1), adding a new disposition option for assets acquired with federal assistance, but no longer needed for the originally authorized purpose. How did the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2022 change the disposition options for the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) recipients in 49 USC § 5334(h)(1)? Grantees and subgrantees should refer to FTA’s statutes and regulations for applicable requirements.ġ. This document is intended only to provide clarity to the public regarding existing requirements under the law or agency policies. ![]() This proposed guidance does not have the force and effect of law and are not meant to bind the public in any way. Notice of Proposed Asset Disposition Guidance and Request for Comments The Federal Register Notice is open for public comment until April 14, 2023.įTA hosted a webinar about the Proposed Asset Disposition Guidance on April 5, 2023. See the Notice of Proposed Asset Disposition Guidance and Request for Comments and FTA’s interim guidance in the form of FAQs below. ![]() Recent changes in law allow transit agencies to repurpose qualified properties for transit-oriented development and affordable housing projects. ![]() Google Forms version makes this perfect for dist. Doing so makes it possible for an Internet search to make the document available on the Internet, free of charge, and is a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). This digital and printable 4th grade reading spiral review bundle is designed for a full year instruction. Copying any part of this product and placing it on the Internet in any form (even a personal/classroom website) is strictly forbidden. The reproduction of any other part of this product is strictly prohibited. ![]() This is intended to be used by one teacher unless additional licenses have been purchased. Easier to grade, more in-depth and 100 FREE Kindergarten, 1st Grade, 2nd Grade, 3rd Grade, 4th Grade. Each set of worksheets also includes spiral review problems, so they are perfect for. Permission is granted to copy pages specifically designed for student or teacher use by the original purchaser or licensee. These are printable downloads with questions AND answer keys provided. It includes 36 high-interest, professionally written reading passages that are designed to engage your students. Please read the description carefully and examine the preview file before purchasing. This 4th grade reading comprehension resource covers ALL fiction and nonfiction content standards. Please read: This is a nonrefundable digital download. Doing so makes it possible for an Internet search to make the document available on the Internet, free of charge, and is a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA).Looking for Daily Language Spiral Reviews? PREVIEW and REVIEW all year long This resource is designed to be used on a daily basis (Monday-Thursday) for up to 36 weeks. ![]() Perfect for morning work, bell-ringers, homework, center work, or test prep. ![]() PREVIEW and REVIEW all year long This is a 2-week sample of my 36-week Daily Math Review. Daily Math Review: This spiral review is one of the easiest ways to make sure you are covering all of the important math concepts that your students need to know. The book has both topical as well as mixed (spiral) review worksheets, and includes both topical tests and a comprehensive end-of-the-year test. The reproduction of any other part of this product is strictly prohibited. 4th Grade daily Math Review: This spiral review is one of the easiest ways to make sure you are covering all of the important math standards that your students need to know. Math Mammoth Grade 4 Review Workbook is intended to give students a thorough review of fourth grade math, following the main areas of Common Core Standards for grade 4 mathematics. Our grade 4 math worksheets help students build mastery in computations with the 4 basic operations, delve deeper into the use of fractions and decimals and introduce concept related to factors. Spiral Math Review Math Written by: Angie Olson 445 shares Spiral Math Review is something that should be an every day routine in the classroom. This is intended to be used by one teacher unless additional licenses have been purchased. Permission is granted to copy pages specifically designed for student or teacher use by the original purchaser or licensee. Please read the description carefully and examine the preview file before purchasing. Skills Included: Relative Pronouns & Relative Adverbs (L.4.1a) Progressive Verb Tenses (L.4.1b) Use Context Clues (L.4.4a) Frequently Confused Words (L.4.1g) Synonyms & Antonyms (L.4.5c) Correct Fragments & Run-Ons (L.4.1f) Analogies (L.4. 8th Grade Daily Language Spiral Review Looking for Daily Math Spiral Reviews?Ħth Grade Daily Math Spiral Review Looking for Daily Reading Spiral Reviews? Learn fourth grade math skills for free Choose from hundreds of topics including multiplication, division, fractions, angles, and more. You can get the complete editable 36-week resource here: 4th Grade Daily Language Spiral Review. We hope you enjoy this supplemental guide from BookNation. All Rights Reserved.įirst Published in the United States of America If you have not yet read the original work, please do so first.Ĭopyright © 2022 by BookNation. Please Note: This is an unofficial conversation starters guide. Read it on your PC, Mac, iOS or Android smartphone, tablet devices. If you have not yet purchased a copy of the original book, please do before purchasing this unofficial Conversation Starters. Explore unseen realms of the book as never seen beforeĭisclaimer: This book you are about to enjoy is an independent resource to supplement the original book, enhancing your experience.Assist in the study of the book, either individually or corporately.Promote an atmosphere of discussion for groups.Foster a deeper understanding of the book.These questions can be used to create hours of conversation: The characters and their world come alive,Īnd the characters and its world still live on.Ĭonversation Starters is peppered with questions designed toĪnd invite us into the world that lives on. They instantly got along, and fate played its course on their one-of-a-kind journey-sustained by love, adventure, and family-punctuated by a thrilling end.ĮVERY GOOD BOOK CONTAINS A WORLD FAR DEEPER ![]() The belly dancer, an equally enchanting psychic woman with eyes as deep as the seas, caught him off guard and connected him to the grounds of reality from his illusions. He continued with his daily pace until one fateful night at a party in a club where he met Zyah. Out of his traumatic childhood in Sorbacov, which left him with physical and emotional scars, his psychic powers would sometimes toll him and leave him enduring severe migraines and anxiety. With his psychic abilities and illusion-building schemes, he was one of the club's members who shoved all dangers to protect his brothers and sisters in the Torpedo Ink motorcycle club. Gedeon Lazaroff, a guy who hailed from Caspar, also known as Player, is the Torpedo Ink's most gallant and dashing debonair. Reckless Road: Torpedo Ink, Book 5 by Christine Feehan: Conversation Starters Save 20% on small appliances and electronics.15% discount on men's and women's clothing.Save up to $70 on Apple products, such as Watches & AirPods.This is an online-only sale, so be sure to shop now, as most of these items are only while supplies last: Get a head-start on your holiday shopping with Holiday Price Match Guarantee. Here are some of the most popular items you can purchase during this limited-time sale. ![]() Target Deal Daysĭuring Target Deal Days, you can save big on daily deals, with items generally up to 50% off. Find toys from all your favorite characters including Frozen, Barbie, Paw Patrol, Fortnite, Pokémon cards, and Spiderman. For younger kids, you can find a wide range of toys for boys and girls and kids, babies, and toddlers toys. Some of the most popular include the Nintendo Switch Lite, Apple AirPods, Apple Watch Series 6 or a PS5. 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I haven’t had the opportunity to try this but there are vendors trying to make this easier, like /xgode.If you are a new customer purchasing licensing: If you want to get fancy the FileMaker Go database can exchange data with a database hosted by FileMaker Server using its native data API.Īlso not an apples-to-apples replacement for Runtime, with a learning curve and some related costs, but Claris provides an SDK that allows FileMaker files to be converted into iOS apps. If you have people that need to use FileMaker in remote locations, and have an iOS device, you can simply email them a copy of a FileMaker database file and they can open it with FileMaker Go at no cost. FileMaker Go is currently free, and though that may change, I’d wager Runtime solutions will continue working until this is sorted out. Hopefully Android is on the horizon for FileMaker Go and Windows users will get the same functionality. Just speculating here, as many in the community have requested a thin-client, Claris has been waiting for Apple to bring iOS apps (FileMaker Go) to macOS. I continue to use the platform because it makes economic sense to do so, but when someone builds a better tool for building business systems that can connect to the web services we increasingly depend on - you can bet I’ll be signing up for it.īeing a FileMaker developer I feel your pain, to various degrees. When you consider that the cost of a project is overwhelmingly the hours of labor it takes to build a solution and not the cost of the platform itself, it’s easy to see that while you could just build something amazing using a combination of free tools like javascript, PHP, and MySQL, I assure you, it will take many times the hours to do so. Coupled with the vast number of protocols and techniques supported, Filemaker Pro is one of the best tools out there. I’ve looked at MANY alternatives and haven’t found anything that measures up in terms of pure power and speed of development. In the 30 plus years I’ve been working with Filemaker, I can assure you I’ve never stopped looking for something better. Obviously those two ideas are not possible in the same product. The cost of Filemaker licenses and server has long been a subject of debate among people who want their software to be cheap and well-supported. In the latter case, you can bring your own license but if you don’t have one, they’ll happily add the cost to your monthly number. While you can host your files on your own server, you’ll need licensing to accomplish it… that cost is built in to the subscription cost whether you use Claris’ cloud offering or FMP Host. The cloud servers from Claris is a service that is actually comparable to buying server space from some of the various FM hosting companies. I wonder if the Webdirect feature is seen as a way of deploying Filemaker apps to someone who doesn’t want to install a Filemaker client? I never used it myself, but I saw the appeal. I feel for people who had built a business on that model, but frankly you’ve had plenty of time to work out what’s next since we’ve known it was a deprecated feature. In reference to the run-times we used to be able to create, we have known for 10 years that those were on the way out and it took them this long to finally pull that trigger. Those are now turned on with a checkbox in the preferences. Not everyone needs the functionality that Advanced provides, specifically the script debugger and other such developer tools. I can’t believe nobody has corrected you yet… Advanced hasn’t gone away at all, it just that they’re no longer making it a separate product.
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![]() In June 2008, prior to Skrine's junior season, he was clocked by Brincks at 4.22. "We're always telling them to run through because it's not about lunging," Brincks said. Like the moment when a runner starts, the finish can also be subjective. If you can be still and then get out and move your whole body and not have any other little movements that they can trigger off of, you're already ahead of the game."īrincks said the clock is supposed to be stopped when the midsection crosses the finish line, not when the head or chest crosses. "So if they see a hand move, boom, they start that clock. " will always go off of first movement, whatever movement they see," he said. ![]() One has to know precisely when to start and when to stop the clock, and because one timer might see some movement that another doesn't, that's why it is an "inexact science," Brincks said. When sophomore running back Marquis Green ran a 10.7 in the 100 in high school, "we knew he was fast," Huesman added.Īccurately hand-timing a runner in the 40 is a skill that has to be honed, UTC strength coach Scott Brincks said. "The times that you look at that are probably legit are, when they run track, in the 100 meters." "Someone can say, 'I run a 4.5 40,' but we're going to watch the film to see if they're fast," Huesman said. That's because they don't know the validity of the times. When he and his staff are evaluating prospects, they don't pay too much attention to 40 times, Huesman said. "If you don't run a good 40 at the combine or at your day, it could kill you," UTC coach Russ Huesman said. For a receiver, defensive back or running back, a fast or slow 40 time can have a significant impact on when or if he gets drafted. Seldom do players actually have to run 40 yards straight in a game, but that doesn't seem to matter. ![]() In football, at least among skill-position players, no stat is talked about more than 40 times. "When I ran, all of the scouts said they had me in the high 4.2s or low 4.3s, so I was fine." "The NFL combine has their times and then all of the scouts have their times, too," Skrine said. The same thing happened at this year's combine, during which Georgia Tech wide receiver Stephen Hill shocked a lot of people with an unofficial 4.30 that officially was a 4.36. Those official times came out several hours later, long after the 4.29 was talked about again and again, and the official time appeared to be largely ignored. However, Skrine's official fastest time according to the NFL, which uses laser timers at the combine, was 4.48 seconds. That 4.29 brought Skrine a lot of attention both from the analysts on NFL Network and those watching on TV who then discussed it on Twitter. That was hand-timed with a stopwatch, as was his second attempt in which Skrine posted a 4.36 despite stumbling slightly at the start. In the first of his two attempts, Skrine was clocked, unofficially, by NFL Network at 4.29 seconds. ![]() His experiences running the 40 highlight how important the sprint is - and how inexact the times can be. "If you're a smaller school player and some teams haven't been looking at you, running well will do big things for you," said Skrine, who was fast at the combine and ultimately was drafted in the fifth round by the Cleveland Browns. Being 5-foot-9 and coming from a Football Championship Subdivision program, Skrine had to stand out from the crowd with his speed. Skrine will soon begin his second season with the Cleveland Browns.įormer University of Tennessee at Chattanooga cornerback Buster Skrine knew that every 40-yard dash he ran leading up to and during the 2011 NFL combine was important. NFL footage © NFL Productions LLC.Former Tennessee Chattanooga defensive back Buster Skrine runs the 40-yard dash during the NFL football scouting combine in March. All other NFL-related trademarks are trademarks of the National Football League. NFL and the NFL shield design are registered trademarks of the National Football League.The team names, logos and uniform designs are registered trademarks of the teams indicated. ![]() (Not sure what we mean? Search for "Arena Powerskin" or "Speedo Fastskin", especially in the women's department!)Īdding to the all-inclusive shopping possibilities, SwimOutlet has lots of the "extras" you might need. That's because SwimOutlet carries the swimwear used by everyone, from little kids taking summer swim lessons to Olympic-caliber athletes who need the most advanced tech suits to take a few hundredths off their time to qualify for a race. You're going to find really affordable swimsuits here - and really expensive ones too. For example, the budget-friendly brand Sporti has a lot of one-piece swimsuits for girls/women and racing jammers for boys/men: the $24.99 Solid Wide Strap One-Piece had nearly 1000 ratings during our most recent shopping trip to SwimOutlet! Those reviews are a wealth of information too: search them for keywords you need or sort them by body type, use frequency or fit sizing to see what customers similar to your profile report about how the swimwear does under normal use. You'll get a feel for just how popular this store is when you see how many customer reviews are on most of the swimsuits they sell. This includes options for long torso sizing, maternity wear, modest coverage, and styles for mastectomy patients. Their Fashion & Active section has tons of bikinis, tankinis and one-piece styles that are definitely more suited to an Instagram style influencer than someone aspiring to swim like Katie Ledecky or Michael Phelps! SwimOutlet is also one of the only stores we reviewed that has a lot of specialty swimwear. Keep in mind that sizing is different for competition/team suits than in fashion/recreational swimwear: a size 20 in a racing suit is very different from a size 20 in traditional sizing!Īnd, don't think that this is only for people shopping for competitive swimsuits. You can really drill down to a well-curated list of swimwear that's a good match, with filters ranging from Activity to Back Style or even just shopping by Top Style or Trend. You're not going to want to spend time sifting through the nearly 10,000 products in the Swimsuits category at SwimOutlet, so use the filters to your advantage! You probably have a general idea of what you need, whether that's a TYR team suit for your child or a hybrid board short for easy wearing on vacation. Planning a once-in-a-lifetime snorkeling trip to Cancun? They've got cute bikinis for the beach and rashguards to keep you safe from the sun - even wetsuits if you want one! From kids on the swim team to guys looking for new board shorts and every other imaginable swimsuit need, this is your one-stop shop. No matter what kind of swimwear you need, there's no better place to shop than SwimOutlet. Free shipping on orders over $49 in lower US. ![]()
![]() I’ve mostly used Lightroom and Photoshop was priced out of my reach. I have a XP-Pen Star G640 drawing tablet and Affinity Photo ( recently bought ). Every few years a person can upgrade to a new camera that betters top of the line consumer cameras of a few years earlier for a modest price. It’s become more fun and very interesting. Digital with it’s post processing software has really changed the game for me. I’ve owned camera’s on and off for many years, but I never did much. I just recently got back into photography. It’s available from Amazon for £39.99 using this link. If you’ve been keeping one eye on Affinity Photo and wondering if it’s for you, this is a fine way to find out. There are also tear-out sheets at the back of the book that show you the keyboard shortcuts for Mac/Windows, as well as other modifiers and layer controls.Īll in, it’s not just a book, but a great set of resources. All of the assets for the tutorials – whether that be photos, textures or fonts – are available to download from the Serif website, which is a considerate touch. Serif hasn’t just slapped the tutorials on the page and left the reader to gawp at stunning results that are unachievable with their own photography, either. If you’re a Photoshop veteran and have never touched the £48.99 Affinity Photo before (note that’s £48.99 one-off, not fifty quid per month), then you’ve got everything here to help you find your way around this deeply impressive piece of software. No previous knowledge is assumed, and the opening chapters of the book explain the peculiarities of the Affinity Photo interface, including the awkward ‘personas’ for ‘developing’, ‘liquifying’ and ‘exporting’ images, which I think Serif is going to need to rethink if it really wants to take the fight to Adobe. The chapter on designing a book cover, for example, explains how to add fog to a scene, how to create an artificial torchlight beam, and how to add a texture to text – techniques that are useful even if (like me) you have no intention of designing a Waterstone’s bestseller.Īs you’d hope from a company with its own design software, the Affinity Photo Workbook is beautifully presented with clear step-by-step instructions and with plenty of space for accompanying screenshots, which zoom in on the precise settings you need to tweak. ![]() Officially it’s described as “16 photo-editing projects”, although that’s rather under-selling what’s on offer here, as each project is broken down into sub-tasks that are often useful in their own right. Published by Affinity’s makers, Serif, the Workbook is a hardbacked coffee-table sized tome of tutorials, showing you how to exploit the software’s many features. ![]() Books like the Affinity Photo Workbook will help that no end. Affinity Photo is trying to become a vastly less expensive rival to Adobe Photoshop, whilst maintaining a high-end feel. |